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Closed kinetic chain exercises or closed chain exercises (CKC) are physical exercises performed where the hand (for arm movement) or foot (for leg movement) is fixed in space and cannot move. The extremity remains in constant contact with the immobile surface, usually the ground or the base of a machine. The opposite of CKC exercises are open kinetic chain exercises (OKC). Closed chain exercises are often compound movements, that generally incur compressive forces, while open-chain exercises are often isolation movements that promote more shearing forces.〔Electromyographic evaluation of closed and open kinetic chain knee rehabilitation exercises. Graham VL, Gehlsen GM, Edwards JA. J Athl Train. 1993 Spring;28(1):23-30.〕 CKC exercises involve more than one muscle group and joint simultaneously rather than concentrating solely on one, as many OKC exercises do (single-joint movements), lending the former to more utilitarian and athletic activities.〔The relationship between open and closed kinetic chain strength of the lower limb and jumping performance. Blackburn JR, Morrissey MC. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998 Jun;27(6):430-5.〕〔Closed-kinetic chain upper-body training improves throwing performance of NCAA Division I softball players. Prokopy MP, Ingersoll CD, Nordenschild E, Katch FI, Gaesser GA, Weltman A. J Strength Cond Res. 2008 Nov;22(6):1790-8.〕 ==Properties== These exercises are typically weight bearing exercises, where an exerciser uses one's own body weight and/ or external weight. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Closed kinetic chain exercises」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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